TYPOLOGY OF LOGISTICS PROJECTS: CONCEPTUAL DELINEATION AND STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Abstract
The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of logistics support projects as a separate and independent type of project activity within the logistics sphere. The relevance of the study is determined by the lack of a clear conceptual distinction between the various types of projects implemented in logistics, which causes methodological confusion, leads to the inefficient use of resources and reduces the overall effectiveness of project management. Contemporary logistics systems are becoming increasingly complex and diversified, which requires the identification and theoretical justification of logistics support projects as a distinct category with their own specific characteristics and development patterns. The purpose of the article is to substantiate logistics support projects as a separate type of project and to determine their specific characteristics. Based on a systemic approach and the previously established three-level hierarchy "logistics - logistics systems - logistics support", three main types of projects have been identified. Conceptual differences between logistics projects, logistics systems projects and logistics support projects have been established: logistics projects are process-oriented and aimed at optimizing material and related flows; logistics systems projects are system-oriented and aimed at creating or improving organizational and technical structures for flow management; and logistics support projects are resource-oriented and focus on the formation of the resource base and process support required for the functioning of logistics systems. A classification of logistics projects according to the object of influence and functional purpose has been developed, distinguishing process-oriented, system-oriented and resource-oriented projects. The specific structural and functional characteristics of logistics support projects have been determined, including their two-dimensional architecture that combines the resource and process dimensions, their multicomponent nature and system integration. The functional purpose of such projects is revealed through their supporting, maintaining, adaptive and developing functions, which together ensure the effective operation of logistics systems throughout their life cycle. The results obtained have both theoretical and practical significance for the development of project management science in the field of logistics.
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