EVOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article emphasizes that under conditions of global technological challenges, economic crises, armed conflicts, the corresponding destruction of infrastructure, and the disruption of traditional logistics routes, the need to develop a new paradigm for the management of transport enterprises becomes increasingly relevant. In this context, an assessment of the historical retrospective of the development of transport management has been carried out from classical logistics practices to modern concepts of Supply Chain Management. Particular attention is devoted to the stages in the formation of modern scientific approaches to the management of transport enterprises and to the genesis of fundamental logistics concepts, cybernetic and ontological models, as well as resource-based and synergetic theories of strategic competitiveness management. It is substantiated that modern transport management systems demonstrate a high level of integration and encompass the following technological directions: multimodal optimization, predictive analytics and artificial intelligence (AI), safety management systems, blockchain technologies, and comprehensive «door-to-door» transportation solutions. The latest megatrends in management are identified, including deep digital transformation, systemic development, ensuring infrastructure resilience, compliance with environmental standards and the principles of «green logistics», as well as strict adherence to ESG criteria (environmental, social, and corporate governance). It is emphasized that modern transport enterprise management is transforming into an integrated ecosystem with a multidimensional structure that requires balancing four key indicators: operational efficiency (speed and route optimization), financial stability (risk management and profitability), environmental and social responsibility, and digital integration into core processes. The specific features of managing transport enterprises in Ukraine under martial law are examined, and the mechanisms of their adaptation, institutional resilience, and strategic modeling of post-war recovery are identified.