THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ARSENAL OF LABOR MARKET RESEARCH: GENESIS AND MULTIPARADIGM BASIS

Abstract

The labor market, as a system of economic relations regarding the participation of the population in labor activity, was first theoretically determined in the period of the emergence of capitalist relations in the leading states and the formation of the social-class structure of society under their influence. Developing on a multi-paradigmatic basis, this scientific problem gained the most complete conceptual reflection in the trade-production, institutional-regulatory and migration paradigms, as well as the paradigm of international business. Each of these paradigms, from the point of view of its own object of scientific research, examines employment and the mechanisms of the functioning of national labor markets through the prism of the forms and types of involvement of the able-bodied population in collective social work that are dominant at each stage of world economic development. At the same time, all paradigms of the labor market, being in constant evolution and mutual convergence, always reflected qualitatively new patterns that arose in the field of employment, as well as trends and vector megatrends of the development of national labor markets. The global conditions of the labor market, caused by the fundamental processes of transnationalization, regionalization, intellectualization, digitalization, platformization, and virtualization of economic activity, exert a powerful transformational influence on all its structural components. This acquires its concentrated expression in deep qualitative changes of its subject-object, professional-qualification, spatial-functional, regulatory and institutional structure, which give the labor market qualitatively new features and characteristics. At the same time, the mentioned processes lay a fundamentally new – global – landscape of the worldwide system of labor relations. It is based on the direct influence of the qualitative characteristics of labor on the level and efficiency of the integration of national economies into the world economy, as well as a fundamental change in its role and functions in the system of international economic relations and the global model of the international division of labor, which was formed in the first quarter of the 21st century.