EVOLUTION OF COST ACCOUNTING SYSTEM AND CALCULATION OF PRODUCT COST

Abstract

On the basis of evolutionary approach, systems of accounting and costing of products at full costs (absorption-cost system) are investigated. To the traditional cost accounting system and costing of products include the system of accounting for full costs (absorption-cost system). The conceptual basis of the accounting system is defined: the “cost-volume” model, the dynamics of costs in relation to changes in production volumes. The basic methods of cost calculation and cost calculation are few, many more cost accounting systems, which are based on these methods or combinations thereof. The system of accounting for actual costs is based on the fundamental principles of accounting theory – the fixing and display in the accounts of accounting of the economic activities that have taken place, therefore, this system performs the best functions of management: accounting and control. The three variants of the absorption-cost system indicate the reorientation of the cost management vector from actual consumed / used resources in production to future (estimated) costs. The standard costing method has been developed and is suitable for practical use. inaccurate measurement of time spent. Long-term experience of using the method is a subject area for detailed case study in order to summarize and reflect in the theory of modernization changes of the accounting system at standard costs and to outline the prospects for its further use in the future. The abandonment of the standard cost accounting system and its complete oblivion by practitioners have been predicted for three decades in a row by theorists for reducing the product life cycle, cutting-edge technologies that have decimated the importance of labor in production, and the pressure of global competition. The reorientation of the vector of cost management from actual consumed / used resources in production of products for future (estimated) costs is substantiated. The historical development of the system occurred in accordance with the development of industrial relations, relations of ownership of the means of production, class character of society, and therefore, based on the fundamental doctrines of economic theory.