ANALYSIS OF THE SHIPPING COMPANIES' ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE
Abstract
It was challenging to adapt to the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Still, at the beginning of 2022, one could get the impression that Ukrainian shipping companies generally managed to mitigate the consequences of disruptions and shocks. The shipping industry of Ukraine was able to withstand the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, but in February 2022, an unprecedented crisis erupted for the maritime transport of Ukraine due to the full-scale invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine. The work aims to analyze the peculiarities of the functioning of shipping companies in Ukraine. The following methods were used to solve the tasks: comparative analysis and grouping - when studying the activities of shipping companies of Ukraine, systematic structural analysis, and calculation-analytical strategy - when analyzing the efficiency of Ukrainian shipping companies. The activity of shipping companies of Ukraine as a part of the multi-functional maritime transport system was studied. An analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of Ukrainian shipping companies and the level of their technical and technological equipment from the point of view of the impact on the competitiveness of Ukrainian maritime transport on the international transport market was carried out. The analysis of the shipping industry of Ukraine shows the gradual moral aging of its main assets, which are becoming incompatible with modern requirements in terms of technical and technological characteristics. This leads to insufficient use of water transport potential in Ukraine. In addition, the technological procedure of fleet renewal takes more time than a similar process in other transport industry sectors. The results of our research allowed us to conclude that water transport integrates Ukraine's economy into a vast global system that moves more than 90% of world trade by tonnage, including consumer goods, agricultural products, energy, and raw materials. Ukraine's water transport business sector, vessels, infrastructure, and personnel that ensure their operation plays a crucial role in economic prosperity and the protection of national financial security. The shipping industry of Ukraine needs modernization. Its current capacities are significantly limited due to the underdevelopment of information and technological support systems, an outdated fleet of ships, and the lack of the most modern port terminals. Unfortunately, in the post-war period, the water transport of Ukraine will require a comprehensive approach to its restoration.
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